Audio Recording Essay -- audio sound

Thomas Edison was liable for the primary sound chronicle in 1877, utilizing a phonograph to record the impressions into a tin-wrapped chamber. He expeditiously applied for a patent, and was conceded one the following February. This first model held the field for a couple of years, until 1881, when Charles Tainter in Volta Labs built up the main parallel cut records (like the vinyl records we’re acquainted with). Lamentably, he had not built up a strategy for playback, simply recording. This held until 1885, when Tainter collaborated with Chichester Bell to make vertically-cut chambers covered in wax as the mechanism for the new account practice. These had the disastrous drawback of being exceedingly delicate. At last, in 1887 Emile Berliner built up another gramophone utilizing a sidelong cut medium. This technique had the special reward of being effectively copied through electroplating. These three models contended in the market until soon thereafter, when Edison built up a battery-controlled adaptation of his gramophone. That equivalent year, Berliner built up his methods for large scale manufacturing, duplicating onto hard elastic. All gramophones now had a limit of a couple of moments for every circle. In 1889, the Columbia Phonograph Company was sorted out (grandpappy to the cutting edge Columbia Music), who was additionally the primary distributer of a music list. The following year saw the handling of the main jukebox, which pulled in over $1000 (in 1890!) in its initial a half year. 1893 saw the blast of Berliner’s model, to which closes he joined the Berliner Gramophone Co. A couple of years after the fact he found another shellac that demonstrated a superior medium than elastic. Around a similar time, 1894 to be precise, the world saw Marconi’s first radio, which he immediately took to America and... ...han PCM will in general be helpless to information misfortune since they reference the past estimation and only demonstrate the change between them. This is regularly explained by encasing numerous duplicates of the information in a solitary document. Despite the fact that it opposes presence of mind, it is in reality increasingly productive to record a specific sound byte in ADPCM and encase, say, four duplicates, than it is to encode a solitary PCM duplicate. Sources: Advanced Recording Techniques †http://www.digital-recordings.com/publ/pubrec.html Giancoli, Physics Principles with Applications, 5-E Chapter 12 - Applications †http://cwx.prenhall.com/giancoli/chapter12/essay2/choice content.html HyperPhysics Concepts - http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound/soucon.html Recording Technology History - http://history.acusd.edu/gen/recording/notes.html Sound - http://www.smgaels.org/material science/sound_1.htm

Where Have You Gone, Joshua Chamberlain? :: Free Essays Online

Where Have You Gone, Joshua Chamberlain? To a few, it might be viewed as a minor burden. To other people, a drawn-out trial with irritating perspectives, yet one they understand will be finished in no time. However to a few, to a select, first class gathering of youthful, neurotic, and, let’s face it, broke, part of individuals known as undergrads, it’s a crime. A difficulty. An item voyaging profound into the Void, gone forever. This stumble into the equal universe to which a few articles navigate without return is known as: The Loss of a Package Sent by your Parents. It wasn’t a bundle of treats - gee golly, it couldn’t be something sweet, straightforward, and absolutely implied as a delicious astonishment. Nor was it a warm, sew cover, something to keep me toasty warm during long, chilly evenings of concentrating in my genuinely warmed apartment. Mail incidentally sent to my place of residence rather than my fresh out of the box new, completely new school address it was most certainly not. It was a bundle of books, hand-picked by my father, for my first school introduction, talking about the life of a Civil War general, Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. My dad is to some degree a self-trained master regarding the matter. A man who has been that irritating voice in the rear of a gathering visit, continually posing inquiries and offering remarks (this â€Å"he-ordinarily ridicules this-person† day occurred at the Joshua Chamberlain Museum in Brunswick, Maine). A man who has scoured each remote book shop area in Maine, looking, supplicating, for another expansion to his assortment of scores of books concerning the late, incredible Joshua Chamberlain and the twentieth Maine. This past summer, he hit the big stake. While strolling in Freeport, Maine, place where there is the wondrous L.L. Bean store, my dad discovered a little shanty of a store with a pitiful painted sign which read: â€Å"BOOKS: 20TH MAINE.† eagerly, my father entered the store. What's more, there, among lines of Civil War memorabilia, regiment banners and amazingly overrated bronze reproductions of fights, for example, Little Round Top, Dan Beaulieu discovered paradise. Right up 'til today, I wonder on the off chance that he inhaled once in that store, for dread that a puff of air may overwhelm his Holy Grail of book shops. Following an extremely energizing hour of purchasing T-shirts with rousing statements

Top Five Feminist Persuasive Essay Topics

Top Five Feminist Persuasive Essay TopicsIn writing a list of top five feminist persuasive essay topics, you have to look at some of the literature about the topic. Just keep in mind that there are many aspects to this issue, including the argumentative, literary, moral and economic arguments.One of the reasons why this top five feminist persuasive essay topic is so popular is because of the power of the argument. If you really try to dig deep enough into this topic, you'll find some amazing implications for politics, sociology, psychology, morality and even economics. You might even find some surprising stories about influential figures and how they succeeded in making their case.The second reason for the popularity of this topic is that it's not just a liberal or conservative literary style. Even some feminists are calling it a 'new literature' or a 'new way of thinking.' One example of a feminist argument that is quite popular is that we must change our minds, and not just our hea rts, if we are going to change the world.One of the popular arguments that women make when they write persuasive essay topics is that it is unfair to expect men to give up power. This is so very true, in fact, because sometimes women and men need to take care of themselves, and not expect other people to do it for them. Women have every right to be angry about this, and this article is about that.On another topic, many successful powerful women claim that what has happened in our society has taught us that women are to be able to look in the mirror and say 'I am beautiful!' And then act like it is their responsibility to convince the rest of the world to do the same. Of course, that's a good point, and women are completely right, and I wouldn't want to deny them their rights.Many other topics also use the same approach, and claim that it is just a political statement. There is also another very important point, which goes beyond the popularity of this topic. If you're going to use a feminist persuasive essay topic, you have to create an emotional effect, and one way to do this is to take advantage of the power of your argument.These top five feminist persuasive essay topics are all about making a powerful argument, and making a powerful emotional appeal. You have to find a way to make it happen, and this is where feminism does it for you. When you learn how to use it effectively, you'll see that it works.

Biased News And How It Affects Us Essay - 1658 Words

Biased News and How It Affects Us The advancement of technology is a major trend in modern society because there are now many ways to broadcast news. Technology is one of the biggest differences between generations and has a large impact on people’s lives and society. The media industry allows people to become informed about any ongoing issues through easier and faster access to information. Millennials are considered to be the most educated and informed out of all the previous generations since growing up with greater access to information leads them to create strong opinions on many topics (Pew Research Center 133). However, in this day and age, media is a large factor in providing inaccurate or unnecessary information. Media tends to dramatize almost everything it reports, but many media consumers like to â€Å"hop on the bandwagon† and believe information that is untrue instead of making time to research what is accurate. Due to the influence of media upon the publi c, Millennials especially, believe more of what they overhear on the news channels and internet than what they find in research. There are many sources in the world that provide copious amounts of information, leading people to find information anywhere; however, many of those sources can be misleading and biased when it comes to certain topics. In Allegory of the Cave, Plato explores this concept of limited reality and infers that many people tend to believe information through their senses,Show MoreRelatedThe Impact of Propaganda Essay666 Words   |  3 Pages Both negative and positive, propaganda affects our lives daily sometimes without us even acknowledging that it exists. The main goal of propaganda is trying to sell your product or idea to other people, one major form of Propaganda occurs in the news. Propaganda is used for companies and trend setters who want to get their products and ideas out in the world so that they could potentially become popular. Smart propagandists discovered that to create the best propaganda, the viewerRead MoreGenetic Engineering ( Genetic Modification )991 Words   |  4 Pagesorganism’s genome can be modified using various biotechnology techniques. The process involves manipulating the DNA of an organism or transferring genes into an organism to create a new and improved version. DNA sequences of certain organisms are inserted into different organisms or within the same organism to help us obtain favorable outcomes. Genetic engineering can be used to increase the disease resistanc e of organism, help animals produce extra hormones, etc. the list is endless. This methodRead MoreThe Importance Of The Media1453 Words   |  6 PagesTo understand the issues of whether or not the media is biased or not, one must first understand the importance of the media in today’s society. Every broadcasting and narrowcasting medium is considered as media. This includes newspapers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, and internet. The various forms of media are used to spread information. The media is so wide-ranged that a community group or organization can meticulously target almost any sector. Which allows the media to target almost any sectionRead MoreEssay about The Cycle of Socialization1111 Words   |  5 PagesWhen one takes a good look at our society, it is clear that it is purely dominated by the messages that are constantly fed to us by the media. The media is so powerful that a majority of people do not even realize that it affects them in any way. In fact most people are convinced that they are completely unaffected by it. One of the reasons that the media is so powerful is because of the cycle of socialization. The cycleRead MoreAnalysis Of The RAISE Act808 Words   |  4 PagesPolicy Overview: In February 2017, a new immigration bill was introduced in the Senate. This bill is known as the Reforming American Immigration for Strong Employment Act (RAISE Act). The RAISE Act aims to improve the economy by cutting the number of green cards in half, causing the number of legal immigrants per year to be halved. In addition to this, it will amend the Immigration and Nationality act in order to eliminate the idea of diverse immigration. This new bill would cap the number of refugeeRead MorePublic Education Has Negatively Affected Children1417 Words   |  6 Pageseducation’s curriculum is ineffective because it is biased. In his book Crimes of the Educators: How Utopians are Using Government Schools to Destroy America’s Children, Dr. Samuel L. Blumenfeld, who has spent four decades studying America’s public schools and writing ten books on education, informs that the history textbook suggestions of the newly passed Common Core â€Å"are. . . packed with inac curate information and blatant ‘progressive’ bias.† These biased curriculums and textbooks have been showing upRead MoreThe Death Of A Police Officer913 Words   |  4 Pageshe fired several more shots. Michael Brown was shot dead. The shooting immediately caused riots around the community of Ferguson for weeks. This story is one of the many examples of what is called biased based policing. The officer chose to do what he did because of his racial bias. Not all biased based policing is sparked by racial bias but it is one of the bigger issues. The main issue is figuring out what needs to be fixed in order to refrain from instances like the one in Ferguson. Police mustRead MoreA Comparison of Two Newspapers1220 Words   |  5 PagesA Comparison of Two Newspapers ‘Media’ helps us to know more about what’s happening around us. There are many types of media; newspapers are one among them. Newspapers can be classified into two types: tabloids and broadsheets. Tabloids are known as â€Å"the popular press†. They are often biased and contain gossips about personalities and are less serious. The sentence structure and vocabulary are simple. Therefore, they are mostly read by the working class with minimumRead MoreBias in the Media Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesfront of their TVs to get their daily intake of news and current events of what happened that day. Sadly, most of the news and facts they are getting have been altered somehow by someone at the news corporation or by the reporters themselves. In the numerous news sources that cover world evens daily there are certain viewpoints that are thrust into the public’s face. This highly opinionated and biased news coverage has been present since there was news to report on. From WWII and onwards there hasRead MoreA Historian Must Combine the Rigor of a Scientist with the Imaginatio1614 Words   |  7 Pagesmust combine the rigor of a scientist with the imagination of the artist. To what extend, then, can the historian be confident about his or her conclusions? History has always been a subject that is looked upon by many as a very controversial and biased one. In History people can have disagreements. One historian can believe that an event in the past happened in a certain way while another can think it happened differently. This is because history is a matter of interpretation as well as evidence

Metaphysics Essay example - 1838 Words

Metaphysics Whereas sciences deal with particular kinds of beings, metaphysics is concerned with beings as such. According to Aristotle, there is no such thing as mere being; to be is always to be a substance or object, a quantity, a quality, or a member of some other basic category. I. Substance and Accidents Substance is the primary mode of being according to Aristotle. The world is not one of atoms or particles, even though they have a place in the world. The basic notion of Aristotles logic reflects a distinction in the way reality is structured and reflects the basic way that we view reality. Substance is whatever is a natural kind of thing and exists in its own right. Examples are rocks, trees, animals and the like.†¦show more content†¦Aristotles theory was firmly rooted in his broader metaphysics, according to which all things are a combination of matter#8212;a sometimes shadowy, indefinite substance with the potential to become most anything#8212;and form which transforms matter into actual particular things. Aristotle felt that part of the procedure of becoming required two things, the matter as a substratum and the form. The form functions, shapes and defines the thing. Both matter and the form, according to Aristotle, were transcendent and imperishable entities. Matter and form were never separated from one from the other. Matter cannot exist without form, and form cannot exist without matter. The most important and the most valuable is form. This applies equally to the creations of man and to the creations of nature. III. The Four Causes Aristotles doctrine of the four causes is easily misunderstood. To charge Aristotle with having only a dim understanding of causality, however is to accuse him of missing a target he wasnt even aiming at. It is natural for us to think of Aristotles causes in terms of our notion of cause-and-effect, however this is misleading in several ways. We must keep this in mind whenever we use the word cause in connection with his doctrine. Aristotle drew from the attempts of all his predecessors, and learned from their mistakes. There are different ways of answering the question of why things are as they are. These ways ofShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Metaphysics? The Universal Definition Of Metaphysics1140 Words   |  5 PagesGarrett Recto 11-19-2015 PHL 204 FINAL PAPER WHAT IS METAPHYSICS? What is Metaphysics? The universal definition of metaphysics in philosophy is the aspect that deals with the first principle of things, which include abstract concepts of the being, knowing, cause, identity, time and space. Basically, metaphysics encounters the basic questions in such possible terms; what is there and what is it like? As individuals, we attempt to grasp or comprehend the theories and meaning of every aspect toRead More Metaphysics Essay705 Words   |  3 PagesMetaphysics Metaphysics can be defined as an attempt to comprehend the basic characteristics of reality. It is in fact so basic that it is all inclusive, whether something is observable or not. It answers questions of what things must be like in order to exist and how to differentiate from things that seem real but are not. A common thought is that reality is defined as what we can detect from our five senses. This type of philosophy is called empiricism, which is the idea that all knowledgeRead MoreMetaphysics Is The Study Of Reality Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesMeta refers to the Meaning of after or beyond. Metaphysics is the study of reality. On the other hand, Kit Fine describes Metaphysics as follows; â€Å"it s the study of the most general features of reality.† Thus, it is the philosophical study of any widespread characteristics of reality. The study of the nature of the existence of a characteristic will let metaphysician answer and bring about theories for it being there. So me questions Metaphysician think of are as follows: Is there an Evil Demon?Read MoreMetaphysics Of Muhammad Iqbal1474 Words   |  6 PagesIqbals metaphysic thought and its connectivity to all philosophers overall tend to be very broad. However, it does not diminish the value of this study entitled Metaphysical Thought of Muhammad Iqbal and His College in Reconstructing Character at Institution of Education, (Case Study at Educational Foundation Prof. Dr. H. Kadirun Yahya) In this study the author limits within the conceptual scope, the view of Muhammad Iqbal in metaphysics. Also, the factor, background, and view of Muhammad IqbalRead MoreMorality, Metaphysics, And Religion1480 Words   |  6 PagesTHE PARTICULAR AND THE UNIVERSAL IN MORALITY, METAPHYSICS, AND RELIGION In his second speech to the literary salon of Henrietta Herz, Friedrich Schleiermacher dismantles the perception of religion as a blending together of morality and metaphysics. He argues that such a hybrid can never truly function as religion and that to attack such a false construct is to fight against a shadow, rather than to engage the true subject (21). Morality, metaphysics, and religion all address the same subject matter—theRead MoreQuestions On The Philosophy Of Metaphysics1372 Words   |  6 PagesEdina Pepic Metaphysics 04-04-15 Midterm 1. What is the project of metaphysics? How did the early Greek Philosophers develop the issue? What were their enduring contributions, the diversity of their responses and the abiding issues that will engage the subsequent tradition? The project of Metaphysics is the study of existence; Metaphysics purpose is to answer, â€Å"What is reality.† Metaphysics reviews everything in the world that exists, although Metaphysics is a small part of Philosophy itRead MoreThe Metaphysic Of Abstract Particulars1998 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: In this paper I will present the arguments for tropes and their distinction from universals and particulars as presented by Keith Campbell in his paper â€Å"The Metaphysic of Abstract Particulars.† I will then present a counter argument to Campbell’s evaluation and provide possible responses to those arguments. I will also provide possible adjustments Campbell could make to create a more sound argument. 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For example, a certain pen is a particular instance of the form of pen. Every single pen in the world contributes to the form of pen. This contribution of particulars to the forms is called mathexis in Greek, or simplyRead More Immanuel Kant’s Metaphysics Essay3676 Words   |  15 PagesImmanuel Kant’s Metaphysics THEME In regard to Metaphysics, Kant’s results were seemingly the opposite to what he strove to achieve, cf. the claim, in his Introduction, that â€Å"In this enquiry . . . I venture to assert that there is not a single metaphysical problem which has not been solved, or for the solution of which the key has not been supplied.† In the summing up of his Prolegomena, he records with evident pride in achievement: â€Å"Anyone who has read through and grasped the principles

Clinical Practice Cystic Fibrosis

Question: Discuss about the case study Clinical Practice for Cystic Fibrosis. Answer: Introduction: The decision making part plays a vital role in overall appropriate medication which help the patient to recover as soon as possible. The challenge in the given case study is to analyze and provide a routine medication based on the proper scheduling of the drug and the amount of dosage base on the patient clinical record. The criteria in the first decision is that am I ready to go further with the preparation of the Kaseys AM medication, on the analysis it is found that the Kasey is under medical regime and it is very much necessary for the patient to remain in hospital to avoid any future emergency condition (Zuvekas, 2006). Regime preparation for the patient suffering from cystic fibrosis considered of having one of the complex medication, which is why it is very much essential for the administration to organize the overall medication regime in such a ways that is considered to be workable and effective for their overall care and cure. The preparation of Kaseys AM medications in ord er to determine the treatment of the cystic fibrosis includes the pancreatic enzymes supplements, multivitamins with the consideration of the fat-soluble vitamins, mucolytics and the antibiotics with the inclusion of the inhalation, oral or the parental, bronchodilators and the anti-inflammatory agents with CFTR potentiators (Suzuki, 2016). The preparation of the AM medication for kasey also provides the information of the drugs available on the NP with the management of the patients. The amendment of the DTP is shown with the approval of the scope of the practice. It also helps in the creation of the treatment. As the patient Kaseys is merely 5 years old and she has already gone through several test and medication regime so it is very much crucial for the RN to prepare a regime of medication for the patient suffering from cystic fibrosis. The decision depends on the medication chart of the Kasey s it is said to never administer a medication without knowing or if the medication chart contain error. This will lead to the poor care rate and the overall cure of the patient hampered. The decision is very much based on several key aspects as the age of the Kasey is five year only and she does not have any control on her language and skill and also willing to take control on everything (Pollack, 2007). The age is one of the biggest factors in determining the medication regime for the patient. Secondly with the help of the registered nurse the patient thoroughly analyses based on the routine medication. The Registered nurse is primarily analyzing the patient overall cognitive ability which is proba bly considered to be a preschool aged child. Communication with the patient ass the age of the patient is five year old and the ability to understand and manage a rapport with her will be one of the biggest challenges which will eventually lead to the better and prospective care for the patient which will help them to heal as quickly as possible. The complexities of the dosage regime are considered to be playing a important role in managing and maintaining the overall drug and usage control (Patrick and Li, 2010). Present medication of the registered nurse, the dosage regime Kasey has 2IV lines in situ which is considered to be both in situ as it is continuously which is presently present into a port-a-cath as well as the nasogastric tube. With the help of pharmacist the medication is considered to be playing a important role in the medication for the CF patient care. Patient with cystic fibrosis is considered to be having most complex and critical medication regimes. When preparing the patient regime it is very much important for the decision makers that it leads to the overall reviewing of the entire medication carefully. Being only five year old which is considered to be a pediatric is completely based on the weight of the patient (Mohammad, Aljasser and Sasidhar, 2016). To make the regime more effective and evasive for the patient aged less several test are being done to minimize the impact of the medicine on the patient. The RN is essentially needed to take a regular note on the overall medication procedure to meet the guideline. Other medication is also being analyzed and need to be checked if a patient is taking drug. The pediatric patient become irritated much often due to the regular medication so therefore it is also considered to be one of the major concern before making a decision. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT is considered to be necessary for the children and for the young people with cystic fibrosis. PERT theory helps the patient t o digest and absorbed the vital nutrient into the body and thus helps them to immune themselves from several other diseases (Kiguba et al., 2015). Without PERT pediatric patient are at risk. In case of Kasey PERT is considered to be one of the major medication regimes. Kasey varied in the overall intensity of the pancreatic deficiency which lead to the dosage of the medication differs for different patient. RN helps to determine the regime of the medication or the patient. On the basis of the medication chart of the patient the guideline of the enzyme dosing is, 1 scoop of Creon Micro per 5g of fat 1 Creon 10000 capsule per 8 g of fat 1 Creon 25000 per 15 g of fat It is considered to be effective if the amount of the enzyme is given a little more as it helps to provide more effectiveness to the patient (Hung et al., 2016). It is advised to take the pancreatic enzyme right after the meal or snack. Enzyme is considered to be lasted in the small intestine for around 30 minutes. If the child is considered to be regularly taking time to eat the food that it is considered to have the half of the dose at the initial of the feed and the rest of the enzyme is given after the completion. Therefore on the basis of overall assumption and factor that the decision for preparation of Kasey AM medication is ready and attainable. Plan The preparation of medication appropriately is very much important to its effectiveness. The antibiotics should be taken that would be prepared for Kasey. The weight of Kasey is 14 kgs only and Tobramycin would be the most powerful medication. The probability of error is low and the CF drug therapy protocols are followed by Kasey that slightly varies from the Mims recommendations. However, it is significant that kasey should receive appropriate amount of dose at correct time in correct dilution. The levels of peak serum do not exceed the 12 microgram/ml (Aspden 2007). therefore, it is very important that the levels of tobramycin serum should be checked appropriately before giving next dose. The Kasey receives inhalants such as ventolin should be administered by the spacer. The preparation of medication is very much important and should be appropriately aware of the process. The medication give to children is based on their weight. As per the age of Kasey she is very light and it is i mportant to give specific dosage at times to be suited her. For an example, Tobramycin should be given on the basis of her weight (Cohen 2007). Tobramycin should be diluted before the administration. The administered concentration should not be exceeded from 1mg/ml and also should be administered over the period of 30 minutes at least. The dosage should be estimated appropriately on the basis of age and weight of kasey. Volume (mls) to be given = Dose ordered / stock strength * volume of stock solution The calculation of the liquid meds is based on the injectable meds and oral route given IM, ID or SC. The ordered dose is the drug amount that to be prescribed for the patients. The strength of stock is the durg amount that is included in the solution. The volume of the stock solution is referred to the total solution volume in the amploule/vial, eg. 2 mL, 1 mL etc. An elderly patient with the pulmonary odema needs rapid diuresis (Koutkias 2011). The administration of oral is not possible and frusemide is specified. The patient is commonly prescribed the IV Frusemide 40 mg salt if necessary to be reaped after 20 minutes till output is adequate. Lasix ampoules contain 20mg/2mL. Volume (mLs) = 40 mg / 20 mg * 2 mL = 4 mL The IV Push is necessary while performing that the prescribed medication has been recommended need to be given as push. The following things should be outlined in the recommendations of manufacturer and MIMs. It is important to note a particular time period in order to administer the drugs by using IV bolus injection (Medication 2008). The decision not to push or to push drugs is based on large number of factors that includes the condition of patients, urgency situation. The administration of oral medications in the TABLET forms the following formula: Number/amount of tablets= Dose ordered/stock strength The ordered dose is the medication amount that has been prescribed. The strength of the stock is the amount available. However, the medication can be located in Imprest/Drug cupboard or in the medication cupboard of the patient or on med trolley. It is important to determine and evaluate the process of medication which includes: Identifying the potential risks Checking the written prescription is within the prescribed guidelines that is set out under hospital policy and legislation Checking the order legibility and name of the drug that has been written with correct route, time and dosage as well as start date (NR 2013). Checking that the patients has any documented allergies Checking that the patient has appropriate chart and the sheet of medication has been labeled correctly with their identification Assessing the patient for the contraindications that to the medication prescribed Assessing for incompatible drug in relation to other non prescribed/prescribed therapies that the patient is receiving currently. Preparing the medications safely Accurately calculating the dosages of medication and doubled checking by RN Gathering all supplies and equipment needed to prepare the medication Checking all the labels that are legible and the medications that have been correctly stored. Appropriately checking expiry date of the medications (Parker 2013). Using no touch techniques while preparing medications The preparation of medications that would be consistent with the organizational protocols and legal requirements Ensuring that all the medications are checked thoroughly by second RN. Implement Administrating of the medication is one of the most important tasks as it plays vital role in the recovery of the patients, specially the critical patients are greatly dependent on the proper administration of the medication. (Andersen et al., 2016). Therefore, for proper administration of the medications the responsible nurses should have proper knowledge of administrating the medicine to the patients. They have to acquire the knowledge about the correct routes of administrating the medicine to the patient especially to the critical patients. Proper medication is most important for the treatment of the patients. Besides this, the concerning nurses have to know about the proper methods of non-touch and aseptic techniques in order to administrating medications to the patients and know about the importance of non-touch and aseptic techniques (Besenius, Bradley and Nolan, 2012). Apart from this, the record keeping is also an important task, the concern nurse has to keep the record of th e medications administrating to the patients properly so that the subsequent nurses who will take the responsibility can easily understand about the patients conditions and the medications given to the patients. Therefore, decision making in order to administrate medications to the patients might be crucial and as per the condition of the patients the nurses or medicine practitioners use to take the decisions of administrating the medicine. Moreover, as per the condition of the patients the nurses use to take decision that in which route the medications should be provided to the specific patient (Nelson, 2010). The medicine can be administrated via mouth of the patient as well as by injection for critical patient the medication use to be provided by the IV channel. The medicine should be provided in accurate measure and in the time of administrating the medication the nurse should take care of proper hygiene of the patient and also him/her. The nurse should take care of hand hygiene . The interaction of the medication can be merely complicated and inappropriate interaction lead to adverse result for the patients (Rossignon, 2002). In the undertaken case of Kasey, the patient is a five years old baby girl suffering from decreased appetite, abdomen pain as well as contentious nausea along with anorexia. Besides this, she has Cystic Fibrosis and she is suffering from continue respiratory and gastro problems. Her diagnosis shows that she has distal Obstruction Syndrome owing gastro mal absorption, pancreatic insufficiency along with inadequate salt and fluid intake. The investigation by X-ray shows that she has dilated bowel with fluid loops (Tongtong, 2010). The physician has medical assessment about Kasey that she has medium dehydration along with sign of malnutrition as she has only 14 Kgs weight which placed her at the third percentile as well as her height is at the percentile on her growth chart. She is a critical patient and the concern nurse has to take car e at the time of administrating medication to the patient. In order to administrate medication to the patient some important things should be watched by the concerned nurse that she is taking care of proper hygiene, proper hand hygiene, so that the patient can be restricted from the infections that possibly ruined the treatment of the patient. The route of the medication is also important for the patient because proper route of the medication help in improving the condition of the patient more swiftly. Proper administration of the medication is most important for the quick improvement of the patient. And here as the patient is critical then she require more care at the time of administrating the medication for her. Evaluate Recording and Reporting Medication Administration Outcomes As per the reporting and the medication of the outcomes, provides the overview of the medical outcomes that must be represented in the case of the medication and thereby the approaches are potentially included for the enhancement of the improvements (Andrew and Mansour, 2013). The recording and the reportings of the drugs includes the involvement of the nurses which are included for the involvement of both dispensing and the preparation of the medications. The medications also include crushing pulls and drawing the measurement of the injections that are essential roles which are played by the nurses. The most common type of the error is the administration errors that are generally related to the wrong time, wrong rate and the wrong dose. With the nurses, the physicians, certified medication technicians, miscommunication with the family members also helps in the consideration of the part of the challenge and thereby becomes the most common cause for the creation of the impact on the a dministration medication (Armutlu et al., 2008). Several studies are made for the consideration and the reporting of the research which helps in the administration of the medications and thereby the need of the research clearly differentiates the errors of several non-nurses with the inclusion of the impact on the nursing. Among many reasons the medication administration also helps in the indication of the problems that are required to be resolved with the consideration of the errors. With the recording and the reporting of the medication administration outcomes provides Kasey with the increment of the needs and it also ensures the patients medication. Monitoring Patients' Responses to Medications With monitoring the Patients response, it also ensures effect of the mechanism with monitoring the effects of the medication and it also ensures the drug therapy with the creation of adverse events is seemed to be minimized. With monitoring the first doses of the medication, it includes the monitoring of the fluid and the electrolyte with the consideration of the electrolyte imbalance (BERGANTIOS and VIDAL-PUGA, 2009). It also provides impact on the creation of the risk and thereby it also helps in the creation of the electrolytic balance monitoring. Monitoring the patients with high alerts also helps in the creation of the identification of the policies and the procedures related to the High-alert Medication. Reassessing the patient for the medication administration also helps in the creation of the appropriate evaluation of the response and thereby the patient develops the adverse event of the report with according to the observed reaction. Monitoring the frequencies of the treatme nt with the process of the creation of the appropriate duration of monitoring the methods are seemed to be crucial part for the monitoring methods with the creation of the Opiod Therapy and thereby the adverse effects of the patient is seemed to be reduced (Chen-Tung Chen, 2008). With the creation of the perceived efficiency and the clinical conditions of the patient, the monitoring response can be identified with the falling of the risk factors and thereby the monitoring process shows the improvement of health of the patient Kaesy. Educating patients, family members and/or others, as appropriate, about medications, treatment disease process These factors provide the necessary and the crucial role for the creation of the appropriate environment for the patient Kaesy which seems to be very much essential. It also helps in taking appropriate decisions with the creation of the enhancement of the reflection of the developments made in the patient. It also provides the overview of the administration outcomes and the monitoring made by the parents helps the patient to shows the improvement in the stages of curing (Force et al., 2006). Appropriate planning with the implementation of the doses helps the patients to improve the effects of the medications in the ways of the enhancements and thereby the effects of the medication are also focused with the enhancement of the planning for the decrement of the side effects for the further development of the patient. Familiarity is also seemed to be raised in the minds of the patient as it helps the person to fight with the disease with inspiration and motivation (Hicks and Becker, 2006 ). References Andersen, M., Yassin, S., Thinglev, T. and McNulty, H. (2016). CP-142à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦One stop dispensing: Medication-economic perspectives on self-administrating elective gastric surgery patients.European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 23(Suppl 1), pp.A63.1-A63. Andrew, S. and Mansour, M. (2013). Safeguarding in medication administration: understanding pre-registration nursing students' survey response to patient safety and peer reporting issues.J Nurs Manag, 22(3), pp.311-321. Armutlu, M., Foley, M., Surette, J., Belzile, . and McCusker, J. (2008). Survey of Nursing Perceptions of Medication Administration Practices, Perceived Sources of Errors and Reporting Behaviours.hcq, 11(sp), pp.58-65. Aspden, Philip. 2007.Preventing Medication Errors. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. BERGANTIOS, G. and VIDAL-PUGA, J. (2009). A VALUE FOR PERT PROBLEMS.International Game Theory Review, 11(04), pp.419-436. Besenius, C., Bradley, E. and Nolan, P. (2012). Attitudes of psychiatrists, nurses and service users towards prescribing and administrating depot antipsychotic medication.The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice, 7(1), pp.9-19. Chen-Tung Chen, (2008).The Feasibility Analysis of Available-to-Promise in Supply-Chain System under Fuzzy Environment. INTECH Open Access Publisher. Cohen, Michael R. 2007.Medication Errors. Washington, D.C.: American Pharmacists Association. Force, M., Deering, L., Hubbe, J., Andersen, M., Hagemann, B., Cooper-Hahn, M. and Peters, W. (2006). Effective Strategies to Increase Reporting of Medication Errors in Hospitals.JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 36(1), pp.34-41. Hicks, R. and Becker, S. (2006). An Overview of Intravenous-related Medication Administration Errors as Reported to MEDMARX, a National Medication Error-reporting Program.Journal of Infusion Nursing, 29(1), pp.20-27. Hung, C., Lee, B., Liang, H. and Chu, T. (2016). Factors influencing nurses' attitudes and intentions toward medication administration error reporting.Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 13(3), pp.345-354. Kiguba, R., Waako, P., Ndagije, H. and Karamagi, C. (2015). Medication Error Disclosure and Attitudes to Reporting by Healthcare Professionals in a Sub-Saharan African Setting: A Survey in Uganda.Drugs - Real World Outcomes, 2(3), pp.273-287. Koutkias, Vassilis. 2011.Patient Safety Informatics. Amsterdam: IOS Press. Medication. 2008. Toronto: College of Nurses of Ontario. Mohammad, A., Aljasser, I. and Sasidhar, B. (2016). Barriers to Reporting Medication Administration Errors among Nurses in an Accredited Hospital in Saudi Arabia.British Journal of Economics, Management Trade, 11(4), pp.1-13. Nelson, M. (2010).The complete guide to small-scale farming. Ocala, Fla.: Atlantic Pub. Group. NR, Samaranayake. 2013. "Medication Safety In Hospitals: Avoiding Medication Errors In The Medication Use Process".Advances In Pharmacoepidemiology Drug Safety02 (03). doi:10.4172/2167-1052.1000134. Parker, Charles E. 2013.New ADHD Medication Rules. New York: KoÃÅ'ˆehler Books. Patrick, J. and Li, M. (2010). High accuracy information extraction of medication information from clinical notes: 2009 i2b2 medication extraction challenge.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 17(5), pp.524-527. Pollack, D. (2007). Medication Access and Continuity Under Medicare Part D.American Journal of Psychiatry, 164(5), p.700. Rossignon, M. (2002). Unusual routes for administrating some anaesthetic drugs (18471969).International Congress Series, 1242, pp.71-74. Suzuki, J. (2016). Medication-assisted treatment for hospitalized patients with intravenous-drug-use related infective endocarditis.The American Journal on Addictions, 25(3), pp.191-194. Tongtong, X. (2010). Metabolites in rat urine after orally administrating gossypetin-8-O--D-glucuronide.China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica. Zuvekas, S. (2006). Recent Trends in Stimulant Medication Use Among U.S. Children.American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(4), p.579.

Understand influences on dietary intake and nutritional health Essay Example

Understand influences on dietary intake and nutritional health Essay In this assignment I am going to explain possible influences on dietary intake, assess how influences on dietary intake may affect the nutritional health of individuals, then I will make realistic recommendations for minimising negative influences on individuals in a specific health and social care setting. Factors what influence what people eat include could be health factors which restrict dietary choices and nutritional intake could be underlying health conditions such as; lactose intolorence where dairy products within the diet is restricted, so the person will have to get calcium from other products like fish- and also use alternatives for milk like soya or rice milk. The person could have a food allergy like a nut allergy so this means they cant eat products that contain nuts or traces of nuts. Dietary habits can infucence could be ones like meal patterns- if they work shift patterns then this could have a big infuence on the times the person eats food because they wont have consistant meal times and be eating at all different times of the day. Snacking could be another factor because they may get bored waiting for food to cook and decide to snack this could lead to putting on weight, also food availablity- if they live in a area that is surrounded by takeaways; they will want to go and eat a takeaway rather than cook as it is easier. We will write a custom essay sample on Understand influences on dietary intake and nutritional health specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Understand influences on dietary intake and nutritional health specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Understand influences on dietary intake and nutritional health specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This fits into lifestyle; the person might not live near a gym and live near lots of unhealthy places, they could live near a deprived area and may not want to go for a run to get excersice; they may also go out a lot with friends (social eating and drinking) these all have an impact on a persons health. A persons occupation is a factor- if someone has a job that requires sitting at a desk, they arent getting much excersise and will gain weight, however- if their job is being a fitness trainer or a football coach, then they will get consistant excersice. The economical climate is a big factor as wages have stayed the same and the price of food and drinks has gone up, and also access to shops- the person may not have a car or the funds spare to get a bus, and if their corner shop raises its prices of food then the person will have to pay for them as they cant afford to get a bus or a taxi. They may not be able to afford healthy food and processed foods are often cheaper (like pizza and microwave meals) so it is easier. If a person has cultural beliefs- if they are a vegetarian or a vegan, this can affect their dietry choices as they will only want to eat non-meat products/non-animal produce, and often these products are more expensive. Education has a big impact on heath factors, as many people havent been educated on what nutrition labels mean so they dont understand what is on the label. If a person is lactose intolerent, then they wont be able to eat or drink products that have dairy products and the natural sugar (that is found in milk- it is added to foods), they wont be able to eat cream, cheese, yoghurt, biscuits and chocolate, and many breakfast cereals. This can affect their intake because lactose is often used for energy as well as it helps to absorb a number of minerals such as calcium and magnestium so deficiencies can start. This means that they wont be getting enough calcium (high in dairy products etc) or magnesium in their diet- this can lead to brittle bones, weak bones and teeth, calcium also aids the stopping of blood clots. If a person choses a lifestyle of living on their own; this can have a major impact on their nutritional health because if they live on their own; it is easier to have a takeaway or a microwave meal than to cook a portion of food for themselves, which requires washing up. It is faster to cook a meal in the microwave or order some food from the takeaway. It is also more expensive to put food in the fridge, which if the person isnt in a lot due to working then this could mean wasting money on food going off and not getting used when only one person is in. They wont have fruit and vegetables in as these will also go off and is it also a waste of money. This could lead to a high bmi, high cholestrol, and lead to the person being overweight. They will not be getting a balanced diet or following the eat well plate to stay healthy. There are several ways to reduce the negative influences that impact on a persons diet; if a person is lactose intolerant, they can still get calcium and magnesium as they can take lactose subsititute to help in digestion. If a person smokes, and they are smoking instead of eating, then this means that they arent having a balanced diet or getting all the nutrients they need- the person could cut down smoking and eat more meals when hungry instead of replacing meals for cigerettes. A person who lives on their own could also get healthier meals in that can be cooked in the oven for a short period of time- they could look online on what the traffic light labels mean and ensure if they are eating microwave meals then they are high in energy and low in salt and fat. If they work shift patterns, then they should ensure the food that they do eat (if it is late at night), that it is healthy and that they dont just go to the chipshop because it is easier, they should take soup or a pasta salad, not only will it give them lots of energy which is a slow release, it is healthier.

Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essays

Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essays Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essay Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essay I intend on using light with as much difference in wavelength as possible so that I can compare my results with more ease and so that errors in my experiment do not lead to overlapping results that have no distinct difference in them. However as I am restricted to a school laboratory I shall be using light on the part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye. This is because filters for red and blue light can be found and used easily and have a large enough wavelength difference (red light with a wavelength of around 700nm whilst blue light is nearly 400nm) as they are on opposite parts of the visible spectrum to each other. Before I started the experiment I was given the lens I was going to use in the experiment so that I could work out the rough focal length of the lens. This meant that I could work out the distances I will I was going very useful because the equation I was going to use was 1/U + 1/V = 1/F My hypothesis is that light with shorter wavelengths will ha ve shorter focal points. Throughout my coursework U will stand for and V will stand for.Apparatus1) Ray box (12V)2) Power supply (able to supply12V)3) Object slide4) Lens of unknown focal length5) Lens holder6) Screen7) Screen holder8) Meter rule9) 30cm ruler10) Light blocking slides x 3Working out appropriate Object distancesOn my graph I want at least 8 points to make sure that the line made is as accurate as possible. And I worked out the rough focal length by using my lens by producing an image of the trees outside the classroom on the wall, and found this to be around 19cm. So I choose points on the graph I am going to do separated out as far as possible by first finding the reciprocal of 0.2 (the previous measurement in meters) to be 5 then working out the reciprocals for the points that have a 0.5 difference from this.I used three decimal places in the object distance because my meter rule can measure to the closest one millimetre not 5 millimetres.Graph value (1/U)Object di stance (meters)50.2004.50.22240.2503.50.28630.3332.50.40020.5001.50.66611.000Method/ clear plan1) Collect the apparatus listed earlier2) Set up the diagram up as shown.3) Insert the red filter into the ray box4) For each different object distance move the screen until the image is in focus.5) Repeat this twice for each object distance listed earlier then carry out the same procedure using the blue filterData treatmentOnce I have the results for the object and image distances the first thing I will do is find the average image distance for each object distance in both of the filters. Once I have done this I will find the reciprocal values of the image and object distances for both of the filters.I will be using the equation1/U + 1/V = 1/FI have worked out that this can be rearranged into the equation for a straight line (y=mx +c) with a gradient of minus one and a constant of 1/f1/U = -1(1/V) + 1/FUsing this equation I can plot the respective reciprocal values of the object and image distances onto a graph showing 1/U against 1/V. This straight line can be extended so that the point where the line intercepts the y axis is found. And at this point the x value is zero meaning 1/U=1/F so the intercept of the y axis finds the reciprocal of the focal length of the lens. I will plot the graph for both the blue and red filters and compare their focal lengths. The graph will look like the one below1/U1/VThen using sound physics I shall explain the graphs and draw a conclusion from them.Due attention and consideration to accuracy and sensitivityWhen setting up my apparatus I will make sure that everything is exactly in line. This means my screen, lens, image and light source will all have to be as close to parallel to each other as possible. If they are not in line then my image and object distances will not be accurate because the light hasnt travelled in a direct straight line from the light source through the image and lens onto the screen, and my meter rule or tape measurer will be measuring these distances as if they were straight. If they are all in line then the image should be projected onto the screen without having to move the screen (I may have to put the ray box or screen on top of a book to ensure this).I have worked out appropriate object distances so that when I am plotting my graph the points are evenly spaced. This means that I will be able to see the correlation of the points on my graph more easily.I will also keep everything as constant as possible by; using the same ray box, using the same voltage to the ray box, using the same screen, keeping the screen tilted perfectly in line with the other apparatus all the time, and obtaining all of my results in the same level of light. The only variable will be object distances and the type o filter.I will be doing repeats so that my results become more reliable, and therefore ensure a more accurate conclusion and a higher likelihood of success in completing my aim.I will be using a met er rule which can measure distances to the closest millimetre. The meter rule is the most accurate measuring device I could get for measuring distances ranging from 200cm-20cm. This will keep the errors in my experiment low allowing a more reliable conclusionSafetyI will be carrying out the experiment in the dark so I will be careful not to walk into other people and objects because this could lead to an injury.The ray box will be on for a long period of time and may get very hot so I will let it cool down before touching it (to put it away) so that I do not hurt my hand. I will also make other people aware of this so that they dont burn their hands.Results tablesred filterU (cm)V (cm)V (1st repeat)(cm)V (2nd repeat) (cm)average V (cm)minimummaximumminimummaximumminimummaximum20.0220.2247.0225.6255.3222.7245.0236.022.0154.7163.0150.2165.0152.6165.2158.525.078.581.580.588.879.288.982.928.562.064.060.063.061.363.562.333.348.149.546.048.347.048.347.940.039.540.038.739.438.640.039.450.0 33.033.432.733.032.933.333.166.728.529.028.628.928.628.928.8100.025.125.225.125.025.125.125.1blue filterU (cm)V (cm)V (1st repeat) (cm)V (2nd repeat) (cm)average V (cm)minimummaximumminimummaximumminimummaximum20.0210.0235.0212.0230.0215.4230.0222.122.0140.0162.0145.0165.0144.0161.0152.825.075.584.378.582.079.783.080.528.560.362.059.162.259.562.560.933.347.548.245.747.647.048.147.440.039.238.738.339.138.038.738.750.033.033.432.332.633.032.632.866.728.528.728.228.728.428.828.6100.025.425.525.024.725.225.425.2red lightreciprocal of U (1/m)reciprocal of average V (1/m)1.03.9841.53.4722.03.0212.52.5383.02.0873.51.6054.01.2064.50.6185.00.423blue lightreciprocal of U (1/m)reciprocal of average V (1/m)1.03.9781.53.4972.03.0492.52.5843.02.1103.51.6424.01.2424.50.6545.00.450There are no anomalies in my resultsAnalysing the graphThe lines on my graphs both have gradients of around -1 and are parallel to each other. This shows that the only variable could have been the colour of the light. The gradient was minus one because of the equation of the straight line I was using (1/U = -1(1/V) +1/F) had a theoretical gradient of minus one.The graph shows that the blue light has a shorter focal length because the blue line is above the red line meaning the reciprocal value of the focal length is greater. Using the graph I worked out that the blue light focal length was 0.187 meters and the red light focal length that was 0.192 meters (I did this by finding the y axis intercept). This is because the blue light has a shorter wavelength compared to the red light and travels at the same speed as the red light so the blue light must have a greater frequency. Because the blue light has a greater frequency it travels a greater distance inside the lens and this means the lens to bends the light more because the blue light is affected by the different density of the glass more than the red light.Conclusion stated and related to resultsThe focal point of a lens changes as the colour of li ght changes. This is shown in my results because the blue light (which has a longer wavelength than the red light) always had a smaller average focal point for each respective object distance compared to the red light. For example when U was 22cm the average focal point for blue light was 152.8cm and for red light the focal point was 158.5cm. In conclusion the colours of light with smaller wavelengths like blue light bend more than light with longer wavelengths like red lightQuantitative and qualitative discussion of limitations, errors and conclusionIn the experiment there were many errors that could eventually be magnified making inaccurate results. These were the range of the focal point because I could not find the specific focal point with my eye, measuring the meter rule or tape measurer, estimating where the lens was because the lens holder obscured the vision of the meter rule. These percentage errors can be worked out using the equation percentage error = (error x 100)/read ing. To find out the largest amount these could have affected my results I will find the percentage error for the longest length measured, which was when I was measuring using the object distance of 20cm with a red filter. The also for a blue filter and compare to find any overlapRed filter for U 20cmApparatus nameerror in apparatuslargest reading (cm)largest percentage error (%)meter rule (mm) for U0.52000.25tape measure (mm) (for V)0.523600.02focal range (mm)263236.011.14Blue filter for U 20cmApparatus nameerror in apparatuslargest reading (cm)largest percentage error (%)meter rule (mm) for U0.52000.25tape measure (mm) (for V)0.522210.02focal range (mm)240235010.21CalculationsFor red light0.25 + 0.02 + 11.14 = 11.41Using 1/U + 1/V = 1/V the focal length is 0.192 metersLargest possible focal length = 0.192 x 1.1141 = 0.214(m)Smallest possible focal length = 0.192 x 0.8859 = 0.170(m)For blue light0.25 + 0.02 + 10.21 = 10.48Using 1/U + 1/V = 1/V the focal length is 0.183 metersLarges t possible focal length = 0.183 x 1.1048 = 0.202(m)Smallest possible focal length = 0.183 x 0.8952 = 0.164(m)From these values I can see that the focal lengths of the red and blue light do overlap, in that the blue lights highest focal length (0.202(m)) is greater than reds smallest (0.170(m)). After seeing the extent at which they overlap I would say that my errors are so big because of the limitations that my results have limited reliability and therefore my conclusion has limited reliability. However the trends and patterns were still present. These percentage errors were chosen because they are the largest possible error in my experiment. In conclusion I have the experiment was successful because the aim was achieved. The focal length of a lens is inversely proportional to the frequency of the light travelling through the lens.I think that I did enough repeats to make my results reliable enough for it to make my conclusion more accurate. I also found no anomalies in my results t hat could affect the way in which the results manifest themselves on a graph this would make my conclusion harder to make and less reliable. However in the experiment I choose the two most extreme wavelengths in the visible light spectrum. I can only presume that the rest of the wavelengths in between behave the same way. This limits the reliability of my conclusion.My aim was achieved but the conclusion is not very reliable.ModificationsTo make my results more accurate I could use auto focus technology that can be found in some projectors and cameras rather than the human eye (which has questionable reliability) to determine the focal point. This will ensure that I have the smallest possible error in the perception of the best (most in focus) image distance. And in my experiment I found the percentage error in the determining of the focal point to be over 10%. Without this error my conclusion would still have been the same. I could also use a see through lens holder because it was hard to determine the object distance using the lens holder provided, and because I was using reciprocal values a small difference is magnified when dealing with small object distances. I would also measure more distances to increase the reliability. I would also use different lenses so that I could compare that affect to gain a more reliable conclusion. And I would also a transparent lens holder designed to slide over a meter rule to increase he accuracy of my results.

Alcohol Is the Worst Drug in the United States

A 2010 study by the Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs ranked alcohol as â€Å"most harmful† drug on a list of 20 drugs. Alcohol ranked higher than crack and heroin when the potential harm to individuals and others was examined. Alcohol causes physical, psychological and social problems. Alcohol is a depressant that affects every part of the human body. Alcohol affects the part of the brain that controls coordination, memory, judgment and decision-making. Each year, more than 5,000 people under the age of 21 die from underage drinking. Another 1,900 die from car accidents. And still more people die from alcohol-related homicides, suicides and other alcohol-induced accidents. Alcohol costs the U. S. over 184. 6 billion dollars in 1998, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. This cost was more than the estimated cost of all other illegal substances put together-$143. billion-during 1998. Although alcohol has been dubbed the most harmful drug, it is not the drug that does the most harm to an individual. In fact, alcohol earned this dubious honor because of the effect that alcohol has on the people around the alcoholic. Herion, crack cocain and metamfetamine are much more harmful to a person’s body than alcohol is. In a later study in the British Medical Journal, alcohol was found to be the fourth most dangerous drug after heroin, crack and crystal meth. This same study deemed alcohol to be the second most dangerous drug to society. Some people say that alcohol should be banned. Despite the overwhelming evidence that alchol is very bad for indivduals and their loved ones, alcohol remains legal in the U. S. During the 1920’s the US banned alcohol during a time called Prohibition. This policy is considered to have been a failure because it lead to more organized crime, increased alcoholics and negatively impacted the economy. Alcohol continues to be advertised on television and radio, apparently enticing people to continue to buy and drink alchol. Alcohol will always be legal. Alcohol is a big part of our American culture. It is embraced and celebrated by people of all ages every day. Our country is not prepared to make the consumption of alcohol illegal. Doing so would clog the court systems, lead to corruption of officials and cripple the U. S. econmy due to the lost tax money generated by the sale of alcohol. People do need to be educated on the dangers of alcohol so each person can make the best decision for themselves and their family, which would be to avoid alcohol alcohol all together. References Alaraki, M. (2010). Alcohol is society’s most dangerous drug. Retrieved from http://www. dailyfinance. om/2010/11/01/alcohol-is-societys-most-dangerous-drug/ Nutt, D. J. , (2010). Drugs harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis. The Lancet 376(9752), 1558-1565. Doi: 10. 1016/50140-6736(10)61462-6 Grohol, J. M. (2010). Alcohol the Most Dangerous Drug? Probably not. Retrieved from http://psychcentral. com/blog/archives/2010/11/01/alcohol-the-most-dangerous-drug-probably-not/ Neurobonnkers . (2012). The largest ever study in to drug harms places alcohol in the top four. Retrieved from http://neurobonkers. com/2012/08/06/the-largest-ever-study-in-to-drug-harms-places-alcohol-in-the-top-four/ Alcohol Is the Worst Drug in the United States A 2010 study by the Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs ranked alcohol as â€Å"most harmful† drug on a list of 20 drugs. Alcohol ranked higher than crack and heroin when the potential harm to individuals and others was examined. Alcohol causes physical, psychological and social problems. Alcohol is a depressant that affects every part of the human body. Alcohol affects the part of the brain that controls coordination, memory, judgment and decision-making. Each year, more than 5,000 people under the age of 21 die from underage drinking. Another 1,900 die from car accidents. And still more people die from alcohol-related homicides, suicides and other alcohol-induced accidents. Alcohol costs the U. S. over 184. 6 billion dollars in 1998, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. This cost was more than the estimated cost of all other illegal substances put together-$143. billion-during 1998. Although alcohol has been dubbed the most harmful drug, it is not the drug that does the most harm to an individual. In fact, alcohol earned this dubious honor because of the effect that alcohol has on the people around the alcoholic. Herion, crack cocain and metamfetamine are much more harmful to a person’s body than alcohol is. In a later study in the British Medical Journal, alcohol was found to be the fourth most dangerous drug after heroin, crack and crystal meth. This same study deemed alcohol to be the second most dangerous drug to society. Some people say that alcohol should be banned. Despite the overwhelming evidence that alchol is very bad for indivduals and their loved ones, alcohol remains legal in the U. S. During the 1920’s the US banned alcohol during a time called Prohibition. This policy is considered to have been a failure because it lead to more organized crime, increased alcoholics and negatively impacted the economy. Alcohol continues to be advertised on television and radio, apparently enticing people to continue to buy and drink alchol. Alcohol will always be legal. Alcohol is a big part of our American culture. It is embraced and celebrated by people of all ages every day. Our country is not prepared to make the consumption of alcohol illegal. Doing so would clog the court systems, lead to corruption of officials and cripple the U. S. econmy due to the lost tax money generated by the sale of alcohol. People do need to be educated on the dangers of alcohol so each person can make the best decision for themselves and their family, which would be to avoid alcohol alcohol all together. References Alaraki, M. (2010). Alcohol is society’s most dangerous drug. Retrieved from http://www. dailyfinance. om/2010/11/01/alcohol-is-societys-most-dangerous-drug/ Nutt, D. J. , (2010). Drugs harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis. The Lancet 376(9752), 1558-1565. Doi: 10. 1016/50140-6736(10)61462-6 Grohol, J. M. (2010). Alcohol the Most Dangerous Drug? Probably not. Retrieved from http://psychcentral. com/blog/archives/2010/11/01/alcohol-the-most-dangerous-drug-probably-not/ Neurobonnkers . (2012). The largest ever study in to drug harms places alcohol in the top four. Retrieved from http://neurobonkers. com/2012/08/06/the-largest-ever-study-in-to-drug-harms-places-alcohol-in-the-top-four/

Teledentistry Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Teledentistry - Thesis Example ves unique techniques such as self-directing online study, streaming media, webcast and real-time video conferencing, which are utilized to deliver dental education, either live or on demand. These techniques have changed dental and dental hygiene education in many ways, for example; the technology in teledentistry involves a two-way communication video and audio communication-making training visual and efficient. This paper has also discussed the challenges faced by teledentistry especially those that are technologically related. Relevant information was gathered through primary and secondary methods of data collection. The primary data sought was from telemedicine and teledentistry related books and scholarly journals as well as formal websites. Moreover, the information gathered from primary data is reflected in the literature review section. Secondary data was collected through random sampling, where students below the age of twelve were selected and both dental care and hygiene from direct observation and observation from a distance was carried out. The main aim of the observation was to compare the results between direct observation and observation at a distance after which a conclusion was drawn. Having compared the results, the figures and samples were comprehensively discussed and this brought the paper to further recommendation in case of a future research. Finally, conclusions were drawn from the findings and, the future of teledentistry was mentioned. The purpose of the examination procedure was done as a procedure to control infection among the ten randomly chosen children of below 12 years. The examination covered hard and soft tissue problems such as missing teeth, caries, and inflammations among others. For the observed dental illnesses, the patients would be referred to orthodontics, periodontics, endodontic and, surgery. The children were directly diagnosed, and diagnosis using electronic telediagnosis after which result were compared. However,

The Mixtec Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Mixtec Culture - Essay Example As the discussion stresses there is no definite history of the Mixtec, but the furthest that archaeology can trace their history is in the valley of Oaxaca, which was home to three major language groups: the Zapotecs, Nahus, and the Mixtec. History has it that the Zapotecs dominated the valley, while the other two occupied the centre of the valley, although some Mixtecs lived beyond the valley in the west. The Mixtec presence in Oaxaca is traceable to three full centuries before the invasion of Spanish conquest, in the 14th century, seemingly through intermarriage with the Zapotecs. Terraciano explains that a Mixtec lord got into marriage with a Zapotec maiden, and they were given the Culiacan population as a gift after the marriage. This was a contributing factor to the emergence and growth of the Mixtec population in the valley of Oaxaca. Before this event, the two would meet in trading gold and other commodities. However, after the two began co-existing, the Mixtec invaded and too k over the Zapotecs’ capital, bringing back the rivalry between them though it was not long before the Zapotecs got their land and city back.This paper discusses that  the Mixtecs in the early colonial and post-classic periods had an invention of their own writing that was pictographic. They painted on deerskin, paper and cloth before the Spanish conquest came in with their own dictatorial that the images be directed to Spanish officials. This forced the Mixtecs to come up with multicultural forms of communicating to both the indigenous natives and Spanish aliens. To write on the deer hide and paper made from fig tree barks, the Mixtec would apply gesso paste or lime plaster on two surfaces to create the smooth writing surface then sewed them together to form a screenfold manuscript. Such manuscripts could fold back over the other, allowing the two surfaces to be viewed individually. On average, a folded manuscript was the size of a book but after stretching, was about ten metres in full size. These forms of picturesque writings are referred to as codices. The writings usually featured three styles of expression: direct representation of images (logograms and ideograms), phonetic transcription (use of symbols to represent words), and conventional imagery (the use of images to pass an idea or word without using language). All these forms of writing applied throughout Mesoamerica, and were usually meant for public use as they mostly carried information concerning recitations and public performance guides such as music, dances, songs, and drama performances (Terraciano 15-16). The Mesoamerican calendar The Mixtecs had a sacred calendar similar to the other Mesoamerican cultures whose scared calendars had two-hundred and sixty days. This ritual calendar was called the Tzolkin and used to tell the day. In their

Lies My Teacher Told Me by James Loewen Essay -- Lies Teacher Told Loe

James Loewen wrote the book ?Lies My Teacher Told ME? to help the students of the United States become aware of their true history. This book attempts to show how and why American history has been taught the way it has without regard for the truth. Mr. Loewen had compared twelve different history textbooks they are: The Great Republic, The American Way, Land of Promise, Rise of the American Nation, Challenge of Freedom, American Adventures, Discovering American History, The American Tradition, Life and Liberty, The United States ? A History of the Republic, Triumph of the American Nation and The American Pageant. Loewen has argued his cases for Heroification, Euorcentrism and the first settlers, and Racism in our history. He has done this knowing fully that most people do not want to know the harsh realities of our nations past. The United States has tried to maintain a positive image throughout history. Unfortunately, it has many skeletons in its closet that need to come out to heal this great nation on many levels. If the public at large new the real role of racism in our nations infancy and how men tried to pursue their way of thinking as opposed to what is good for the country they would be ashamed at what the United States has stood for in the past. Heroification is a degenerative process that makes people into heroes regardless of any type of character flaw they may possess. It appears that Mr. Loewen?s greatest concern about heroification does not revolve around who gets chosen for the history books but what actually happens to them after they do. He cites two examples of people that had led colored lives but in our textbooks show them as people we should strive to become like. These two people are Helen Keller and President Woodrow Wilson. (Lies?19) Mr. Loewen feels that heroification has distorted the lives of Keller and Wilson and that we can no longer think straight about them. He does not just think this of these two but many other people throughout history. When it comes to Keller we think of someone who, throughout her entire life has struggled to overcome her disabilities. I feel that no one would dispute this but in reality Miss Keller was a radical Socialist for most of her life. This in itself is not so bad but her condemnation of the country into which she was born to and lived in could be considered treasonous. (Lies?20) President W... ...ime of the author rather then accurate historical facts. (Lies?293) Textbooks are being written this way and history is being taught this way to show people how they should act and strive to be. This relays to the student what is deemed acceptable to everyone and what is not. When it comes to a student remembering historical lessons they normally do not remember what is being taught to them unless they are moved by it. (Lies?301) So what is the result to a society where our students are being taught this way? The number one result is that students do not know the true history of their country nor do they remember what they were taught in class. This is a sad conclusion but Mr. Loewen feels it is an accurate one given responses to questions he has asked his students throughout the years. What can we do to change this and reeducate the people out there? Sadly I feel nothing can be done for those of us out there who are not truly aware of this misinformed way of teaching. But, our c hildren need not be sheltered from our true history, rather they should learn all that has happened so we can prevent the atrocities from reoccurring again. (Lies My Teacher Told Me ? James Loewen)

Critically analyse the ways in which the personalisation agenda might impact on the protection of vulnerable adults.

Abstract Personalisation has been described as a â€Å"cornerstone of the modernisation of public services† (Department of Health, 2008: 4); however there has been much discussion as to how this impacts upon the protection of vulnerable adults. Thus, it seems as though the current practices employed by social workers will have to be adapted in order to integrate personalisation into their agenda’s. This is likely to prove extremely complex given the conflictions that are likely to arise. This study will thus discuss such difficulties in more detail. Introduction The ways in which the personalisation agenda might impact on the protection of vulnerable adults will be critically discussed in order to consider the difficulties that are likely to be associated with personalisation. This will be done by firstly looking at social work practice implications, ethics and values. This will allow a determination to be made as to whether changes to such practices will need to be made. The effect personalisation has on anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practices will then be discussed followed by a review of the current HCPC standards, legislation policy and guidance. Once all of the applicable information has been gathered a conclusion will then be drawn. Social Work Practice Implications, Ethics and Values In improving social care standards in England, the Government published the personalisation agenda in their ‘Putting People First’ (Department of Health, 2007: 1) report. This is a shared commitment and vision that seeks to ensure all adults can have control over their own lives and thus live independently. This is likely to have a significant impact on the protection of vulnerable adults since the main objective of the report was to ensure vulnerable adults have the best quality of life. It was also made clear that the â€Å"quality of independent living is fundamental to a socially just society† (Department of Health, 2007: 2). A Local Authority circular; ‘Transforming Social Care’ (Department of Health, 2009: 4) strengthened this vision further by placing additional responsibilities on Local Authorities. Accordingly, it was noted in the circular that Local Authorities must take a more pro-active role when dealing with vulnerable adults and that the y must make applicable steps towards re-shaping their adult social care services, which was also supported by the Secretary of State for Health (Lansley, 2010: 5). In spite of such governments’ policies, it is questionable whether vulnerable adults will be better safeguarded since there appears to be â€Å"little guidance into how this agenda sits alongside that of personalisation in practice† (IPC, 2010: 3). In addition, it has been argued that both personalisation and the protection of vulnerable adults, although share the same end goals, their approaches actually conflict (Gray and Birrell, 2013: 207). Thus, personalisation is generally about enabling individuals to live their own lives, whilst the safeguarding of vulnerable adults is about ensuring the safety of such individuals by conforming to a set of policies and procedures that have been created specifically for this purpose. Arguably, by giving vulnerable adults the ability to control their own lives is likely to undermine the safeguarding principles that currently exist. This carries a significant risk since vulnerable adults may not actually have the ability to take co ntrol, and this may subsequently expose them to harm and impact the protection that they are to be afforded. Whilst personalisation encourages independence, safeguarding is about acting on behalf of vulnerable adults. Personalisation and Anti-oppressive and Anti-discriminatory Practices It remains to be seen how personalisation can be implemented, whilst ensuring that the protection of vulnerable adults is maintained, yet noted by Carr (2010: 2); â€Å"The goal is to get the balance right, moving away from being risk averse while still having appropriate regard for safeguarding issues.† It is questionable whether a balance is easy to achieve since personalisation is all about reducing the levels of control Local Authorities place upon vulnerable adults, yet higher levels of control are needed to protect such adults from harm. This can be extremely difficult for social workers who must employ anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practices by developing an understanding of structural inequalities so that they can be pro-active in their work with vulnerable adults (Hopton, 2012: 47). As personalisation is contrary to this, problems are likely to arise since social workers are required to â€Å"develop creative ways of working† by a â€Å"critical, pol iticised and geographical view of our culturally plural society† (Gardner, 2011: 30). This is much more difficult to achieve when adopting the personalisation agenda as social workers are required to take a step back and allow vulnerable adults to take control. HCPC standards, legislation policy and guidance The current HCPC standards that are required of social workers are also likely to conflict with the personalisation agenda since social workers are required to act in the best interests of their service users (HCPC, 2012: 3). Accordingly, enabling vulnerable adults to live independently may not be acting in their best interests as certain individuals will require constant supervision and will need the help and support from social workers. Hence, even if it appears as though a person is capable of taking control of their own life, this may not always be the case and so it is important that social workers continue to take a pro-active role in the lives of vulnerable adults. Thus, under the ‘No Secrets (Adult Protection)’ guidance managers with the responsibility of overseeing and supervising the investigation of, and response to, adult abuse are required to ensure that â€Å"all appropriate agencies are involved in the investigation and the provision of support, and that good standards of practices are maintained† (Department of Health, 2000: 16). However, personalisation is likely to have an impact on such responsibilities as it will require a change in the way welfare services are being delivered and the ways vulnerable adults are being supervised. Direct Payments, Exploitation and Fairer Charges As personalisation allows the individual to have a greater choice, the government will have less control over individual budgets. Accordingly, those in need of care will thus have a choice whether to accept direct payments in order to purchase their own social care services or allow local authorities to arrange their care (MNDA, 2010: 2). Whilst it has been said that this new approach helps those in need of care to attain a program suited to their individual needs (Age UK, 2013: 1), this can actually have dangerous consequences. This is because the service user may be at risk of abuse and exploitation by family members and unscrupulous carers (8). However, provided that this risk can be managed appropriately it has been said that the personalisation agenda may actually provide individuals with a fairer charging system (Duffy, 2011: 4). However, this will not be the case for everyone and whilst some individuals may end up with a better deal, others may be expected to meet the costs o f their care themselves. Arguably, whilst this system is workable in meeting the needs of certain individuals, it may actually penalise others. In addition, as put by (The Policy Press, 2011: 96) â€Å"it increases the costs of disability, encourages institutionalisation and works against independent living and person-centred support.† This is not what was intended by the establishment of the personalisation agenda and unless these inherent risks can be managed, it is likely that vulnerable adults will suffer. Conclusion Overall, it is evident that the personalisation agenda is likely to have a significant impact upon the ways in which vulnerable adults are likely to be protected in the future. This is because, the main objectives of personalisation are to enable vulnerable adults to take control of their own lives and live independently. This agenda, nevertheless, conflicts with the current practices that are being adopted by social workers in protecting vulnerable adults and as a result of this many changes are likely to be required. Whilst it is clear that a balance needs to be struck, it is likely that this will prove extremely complex when trying to put this into practice. Yet, it remains to be seen, if any, what measure will be taken by social workers in ensuring that the personalisation agenda is being employed, whilst at the same time maintaining the protection of vulnerable adults. References Age UK. (2013) Personal Budgets – More control over Your Care, [Online], Available: http://www.ageuk.org.uk/home-and-care/help-at-home/self-directed-support/ [13 January 2014]. Carr, S. (2010) ‘SCIE Report: Enabling risk, ensuring safety: Self-directed support and personal budgets’ Enabling Risk and Personal Budgets, Social Care Institute for Excellence. Department of Health. (2000) ‘No Secrets: Guidance on developing and implementing multi-agency policies and procedures to protect vulnerable adults from abuse’ Home Office. Department of Health. (2007) ‘Putting People First; A shared vision and commitment to the transformation of Adult Social Care’ HM Government. [Online], Available: http://www.cpa.org.uk/cpa/putting_people_first.pdf [10 January 2014]. Department of Health (2009) ‘Transforming Adult Social Care’ Local Authority Circular. Duffy, S. (2011) A Fair Society and the Limits of Personalisation. Sheffield: Centre for Welfare Reform. Gardner, A. (2011) Personalisation in Social Work, SAGE, Social Science. Gray, A. M. and Birrell, D. (2013) Transforming Adult Social Care, The Policy Press. HCPC. (2012) ‘Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics’ Health & Care Professions Council, Your duties as a registrant, [Online], Available: http://www.hpc-uk.org/assets/documents/10003B6EStandardsofconduct,performanceandethics.pdf [10 January 2014]. Hopton. J. (2012) ‘Anti-discriminatory practice and anti-oppressive practice; A radical humanist psychology perspective’ Critical Social Policy, volume 17, no. 52. IPC. (2010) ‘Safeguarding vulnerable adults through better commissioning’ A Discussion Paper for Commissioners of Adult Social Care, Institute of Public Care. Lansley, A. (2010) ‘Speech to the 5th International Carers Conference’ The Royal Armouries, Leeds. MNDA. (2010) Direct Payments and Personalisation, Information Sheet No 22B, [Online], Available: http://www.mndassociation.org/Resources/MNDA/Life%20with%20MND/Information%20sheet%2022B%20-%20Direct%20payments%20and%20personalisation.pdf [13 January 2014]. The Policy Press. (2011) Supporting People: Towards a Person-centred Approach, Social Science.

Technology And Its Effect On Children - 928 Words

In today s world, it is not uncommon to see children using technology. In fact, just about everywhere you venture you are likely notice a child with an iPhone, or a tablet. Within the last five years’ elementary schools have been depending more on technology such as computers, and tablets for learning, compared to 10 years ago when everything was teacher taught and the closest form of technology found in the classroom happened to be a projector. The fact that there was little use of technology in elementary schools when today s adults were growing up could sure-enough be the reason that many adults are skeptical when it comes to the use of electronics in elementary school. Many adults will say that children stay on the computers too much, and that it isn’t healthy for them. Another reason adults could be hesitant to accept that technology is an important key to learning is the fact that some children have learning disabilities and could struggle when learning from a com puter. Adults will also point out that not every child has access to a computer at home to complete at home assignments. However the purpose of technology in elementary school is there to enhance and broaden the educational process not to hinder it. In elementary schools today we see the use of technology go up every year. Schools are becoming more dependent on electronics for learning purposes. Adults could be becoming skeptical of the use of technology because children are on them quite often at home.Show MoreRelatedTechnology And Its Effect On Children981 Words   |  4 PagesPresent day technology today has helped us connect with others miles away through E-mail, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and other forms of social media. Although technology was initially designed to improve communication, the reliance on technology has an adverse effect on many families and the children, in particular the problem that it causes interference in relationships. 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